How To Pressure Test Your Plumbing

Plumbing leaks can be a homeowner’s nightmare. Pressure testing helps identify leaks. This guide provides a step-by-step approach to pressure testing your plumbing. It covers essential safety precautions and necessary tools. You’ll learn how to interpret results and when to call a professional.

Before you begin, gather these essential tools and materials:

• Pressure Gauge: This tool measures the pressure in your pipes. Choose a gauge with the correct pressure range for your system.
• Air Compressor or Hand Pump: You’ll use this to pressurise the system. A hand pump is suitable for smaller sections. An air compressor is necessary for whole-house testing.
• Pipe Plugs/Caps: These seal off the section of plumbing you are testing. Ensure they are the correct size for your pipes.
• Teflon Tape: This seals the threads of the pipe plugs and fittings. This prevents air leaks during the test.
• Bucket: A bucket is useful for catching any remaining water in the pipes.
• Safety Glasses: Protect your eyes from potential debris or water spray.
• Gloves: Protect your hands while working with pipes and fittings.

You can find these tools at most Bunnings hardware stores.

Shut off the water:

• Turn off all water taps and appliances using water
• Shut off the main water supply
• Drain the water from the system

This method is simpler and less costly:

1. Attach the pressure gauge to a faucet near your main water supply.
2. Turn on the faucet or tap with the gauge attached.
3. Read the pressure on the gauge. Ideal pressure should be between 40 to 60 psi.
4. If pressure is below 30 psi, you may have a leak. If it’s above 75 psi, your water pressure is too high and may stress your pipes.

This method is more likely to detect leaks:

1. Cap all water outlets except for two: one for the pressure gauge and one for the air compressor.
2. Connect the air compressor and pressure gauge to the open outlets.
3. Turn on the compressor and let the pressure build up to the appropriate level for your plumbing system.
4. Shut off the compressor and monitor the pressure for about 15 minutes.
5. If the pressure remains constant, your system is likely leak-free. If it drops, you may have a water leak.

For a more thorough test, professional plumbers like the team at North East Plumbing might follow these steps:

1. Fill the system with water, possibly dyed for easier leak detection.
2. Pressurise the system to the specified test pressure.
3. Maintain the test pressure for at least 15 minutes.
4. Inspect all joints and connections for leakage.
5. If using air, maintain a pressure of 50 kPa for at least 3 minutes.
6. Check for leaks using a solution of water and detergent on suspect joints.

• For new plumbing systems, perform a pressure test to ensure long-term functionality.
• Test your water pressure at least once a year to catch potential issues early.
• If you’re unsure about performing the test yourself, consider hiring a professional plumber.
• If a low water pressure is detected, follow these steps to increase your water pressure.

Pressure testing involves pressurised water or air. Therefore, safety is paramount. Follow these precautions to protect yourself and your property:

• Turn off Main Water Supply: Before starting, locate and turn off the main water supply to your house. This prevents accidental flooding if a connection fails.
• Release Existing Pressure: Open all taps and flush toilets to release any existing pressure in the system. This protects against over-pressurization during the test.
• Caution with Tools: Handle tools and equipment carefully. Avoid overtightening fittings, which can damage pipes and connections. Use the correct size tools for each task.

• Wear Safety Glasses: Always wear safety glasses. This protects your eyes from potential debris or water spray.
• Wear Gloves: Wear gloves to protect your hands while working with pipes and fittings. This also provides a better grip.
• Proper Equipment Handling: Follow manufacturer instructions for operating the air compressor or hand pump. Never exceed the recommended pressure limits. Be cautious of hot water lines, and allow them to cool before working on them.

Understanding your home’s plumbing layout can help you conduct a more effective pressure test. While a comprehensive understanding requires professional expertise, knowing the basics can assist you in isolating sections and identifying key test points. A typical home plumbing system consists of two main parts:

• Supply Lines: These pipes bring fresh water into your home from the main water meter. They branch off to supply fixtures like sinks, toilets, and showers.
• Drain Lines: These pipes carry wastewater away from your fixtures and out to the sewer or septic system.

• Main Shut-off Valve: This valve controls the water supply to your entire house. It’s typically located near the water meter.
• Branch Shut-off Valves: These valves control the water supply to specific sections of your house or individual fixtures. They are usually found under sinks or near appliances.
• Test Points: Convenient points for connecting a pressure gauge include laundry taps, outside taps, or dedicated test ports. Choose a location that allows you to monitor the pressure easily.

Knowing the location of these key points allows for more controlled testing. For instance, you can isolate a section of your plumbing by closing its branch shut-off valve. This can help pinpoint water leaks more accurately. However, consult a qualified plumber if unsure about your plumbing system.